I-Sorbitized (5.50) ipayipi yensimbi enembayo yezingxenye zemoto.Igama lokuqala laliyi-"lead quenching method".Kusukela ngawo-1950, izwe lethu liye lafudumeza ucingo lwensimbi ekushiseni kwe-austenitizing, labe selicwiliswa kubhavu wokuhola ekushiseni okuseduze nekhala lomdwebo wokuguqulwa kwe-isothermal.Izinga lokushisa le-isothermal liyagcinwa kuze kube yilapho ukubola kwe-austenitic kuqedwa, bese kuthiukunemba ipayipi lensimbiesetshenziswa ngokukhethekile izingxenye zemoto ikhishwa futhi ipholiswe emoyeni ukuze ithole yonke noma ingxenye enkulu yesakhiwo se-sorbite.Ukuzifudumeza nokuzishisa ngokuzenzekelayo (6.4) (6.5).
Ngaphambilini, bekunegama elijwayelekile elithi "ukuvutha okuzenzakalelayo", okwakuqondwa ukuthi lisho ukuthi ngemuva kokucisha ipayipi lensimbi elinembile lezingxenye zemoto, izingxenye ezicishiweukunemba ipayipi nekhonongoba izingxenye zemoto zazifudunyezwa futhi zifudumala ngenxa yokushisa okuphumela ngaphandle enhliziyweni.Kodwa-ke, ocwaningweni olujulile lwe-low-carbon martensite, kutholakala ukuthi ngenxa yephuzu layo eliphakeme likaNks, ukufutheka kwakheka ngokuzenzakalelayo ohlelweni lokucisha.ukunemba amapayipi ensimbi ezesekeli zezimoto, okubizwa ngokuthi ukufutheka okuzenzakalelayo.Lena inqubo yokudlulisa ukushisa kusuka kumnyombo wamapayipi ensimbi yemoto ukuya phezulu kanye nokufudumeza ngokufudumeza.Ukuqiniswa kwemvelo (noma ukwelashwa kokuqiniswa kwemvelo) (7.8).
Ukusakaza okubekwe endaweni evulekile isikhathi eside kuzodala ukukhululeka kwengcindezi, ngaleyo ndlela kusimamise ukwakheka nosayizi wokulingisa, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kokuguga e-China.Nakuba igama lesiNgisi elithi “seasoning” lingahunyushwa ngokwezwi nezwi ngokuthi “ukuguga”, ukuguga kuchazwe ngokucacile ekukhetheni kwenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwamapayipi ensimbi okunemba kwezakhiwo zensimbi nezingxenye ezizenzakalelayo, okungukuthi, ngemva kokwelashwa kwesixazululo noma ukuguqulwa kwepulasitiki okubandayo, ukusebenza kwayo kuyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho ibekwe ekamelweni lokushisa noma ezingeni lokushisa elithe ukukhuphuka kancane.
Ukushintsha kokusebenza kwempahla yepayipi lensimbi enembayo ngokukhethekile esetshenziselwa izingxenye zemoto ngemva kokuguga imvula yezinhlayiya ezakhiwe ukusatshalaliswa kwengxenye, okungabandakanyi ukukhululeka noma ukuqedwa kwengcindezi yangaphakathi.Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, abalingisi bazobizwa ngokuthi "ukuzinza kwemvelo (noma kwemvelo)" esikhundleni sokuthi "ukuguga".Ukusatshalaliswa kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni (8.23).Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yepayipi lensimbi elinembile elikhethekile lezingxenye zemoto libhekisela kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuyo yonke noma ingxenye yezingxenye zensimbi, kodwa alikho ifomu elilinganiselwe.Ukugxiliswa kwayo kwekhabhoni kukhawulelwe kusisombululo esiqinile ku-α Iron noma γ okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi.
Ama-Carbides avame ukuvela endaweni eshibhile yamashubhu ensimbi ensimbi, ikakhulukazi i-carbide eqinisiwe ye-carburizing (8.14) eyenziwe eminyakeni yamuva nje.Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuthatha okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni njengokuvezwa kobuningi bokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kungqimba lwe-carburized.Umsebenzi wekhabhoni (8.27).Incazelo engokoqobo yomsebenzi ukugxila okusebenzayo kwe-solute enikeziwe kusixazululo esinikeziwe (noma isixazululo esiqinile).Ukungcwatshwa kwamapayipi ensimbi okunemba ezingxenyeni zemoto ngokuvamile kwenziwa esimweni se-austenitic, ngakho-ke umsebenzi wekhabhoni we-carburizing yensimbi ngokuvamile ubhekisela ekuhlanganiseni okusebenzayo kwekhabhoni ku-austenite.
Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi umsebenzi kanye ne-coefficient yomsebenzi we-carbon ku-ferrite akufanele ibalwe kusetshenziswa amafomula e-empirical ngokuthanda kwakho.Amagama okwelashwa okungaphezulu kwamashubhu agqamile ezimoto.Ngenxa yokuthi ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwamapayipi ensimbi okunemba ezingxenyeni zemoto kuwubuchwepheshe bokuguqula obusetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezinto ezibonakalayo namuhla, imigomo ye-laser cladding (12.1), ukwelashwa kokushaqeka kwe-laser (12.2), i-micro arc oxidation (12.3), ukufakwa kwe-ion ( 12.4), i-pulsed electron beam irradiation enamandla (12.20), isifutho se-plasma (12.21), isifutho esishisayo (12.22) namanye amagama ahlobene nawo angeziwe ngesisekelo semibandela yohlelo luka-1999.Ngalesi sisekelo, silungise imigomo yalokhu kudluliswa kwezimoto shaft ukunemba steel amashubhu,futhi benze umsebenzi omuhle kwezobunjiniyela bangaphandle kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa okuyinhlanganisela yamagama okubeka
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-10-2022